http://www.ccs.k12.va.us/programs/esl/s ... ation.html
Link patlarsa diyerekten can alici kisim:
Stage 1: Honeymoon
Usually excitement of the new and different initially makes people feel elated in a new culture. However, people who did not choose to come but were forced by circumstances often skip this stage.
* You (the newcomer) don't know much about the people and the place
* You mainly see the similarities between the new culture and your own
* You feel very excited, euphoric about your new adventure
* Everybody tries to help you because you are a newcomer
Stage 2: Culture Shock
Newcomers begin to see a lot of differences between the new culture and their own and these differences begin to matter.
Physical
* Your eating and sleeping patterns change - more or less than was usual back home
* You experience physical ailments such as stomach upsets, rash, pain, extreme tiredness, and/or an inability to concentrate
Psychological
* You feel that the people of the host country are not very friendly toward you and you begin to feel negative toward them
* Everything seems more difficult than you thought it would be. You begin to wonder if you’ll ever be able to fit in, if you will succeed
* You lose your sense of humor, and sometimes small irritations seem a lot more important than they really are
* You enjoy spending time with fellow countrymen complaining about the host country; you think a lot about what people back home are doing at that particular time
* You feel homesick and grief
Stage 3: Initial Adjustment
Everyday activities and basic needs are no longer a problem.
* You gradually increase your understanding of the language, culture, and the people
* You become more hopeful and gain some self-confidence; you feel relief
* You recognize that you have a 'role' or place in the new culture
* You gradually accept other ways of living and thinking
* You get back your sense of humor and stop exaggerating minor problems
* You become more confident and feel that you know more about yourself and the host country
Stage 4: Mental Isolation
Individuals are often away from family and friends and have not had the time or ability to make new friends.
* You feel anger toward the new culture
* You feel self-doubt and worry
* You resent your loss of status
* You feel disappointed in yourself and/or in the new culture
Stage 5: Acceptance and Integration
A routine has been established and the newcomer has begun to accept the habits, customs and characteristics of the people in the new culture.
* You feel you are able to understand the local culture; you stop making comparisons with your own culture or trying to change the new one
* You are more able to deal with any difficulties that arise; you develop strategies for living
* You enjoy exposure to the new culture and experiences